The+Revolutionary+Period

1763-1780 **
 * The Revolutionary Period



|| ( Born on September 27, 1722 and pasted away on October 2,1803 ) Samuel Adams was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Samuel Adams was one of the important leaders of the American Revolution. He is also one of the important leaders to the United States. Adams was a delegate from Massach || || A leader of the Mohawk military and was very close to Great Britain during and after the American Revolution. He was also a very known North American Indian. || ||< ( Born on January 17, 1706 and died on April 17, 1790 ) Benjamin Franklin was a very important figure to the United States. He was a Founding Father of the county. Franklin had several occupations such as being a printer, politician, scientist, and plenty more. He was a delegate from Pennsylvania for the Continental Congress. || || ( June 4th, 1738 - January 29th, 1820) George the 3rd was the King of Great Britain. King George III was involved in many conflicts between different countries including the new developed country, the United States of America, when they declared independence July 1776 after losing the American Revolutionary War. The King died from a mental illness. He was the 3rd British Monarch. || || ( September 9, 1711 – June 3, 1780) Thomas Hutchinson was the British royal governor of the Massachusetts colony and a Loyalist. He also wrote the Proclamation. || || (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) Thomas Jefferson was the third president of the United States of America. He is the principal author of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. He is also considered to be one of most influential Founding Fathers of the United States. Jefferson was also a political philosopher || || (February 9, 1737 – June 8, 1809) Paine had very many occupations such as being an author and inventor. He is also one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Thomas Paine emigrated to the colonies in 1774 in time to become apart of the American Revolution. He is also the author of “ Common Sense” || || (February 22, 1732 - December 14, 1799 ) George Washington was the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. He also was the commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. Sometimes referred as the " Father of Our Country " || || (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826) John Adams was another politician and philosopher. He was the second President of the United States of America after being the first Vice President. He is also another important Founding Father. || || (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836) He was an American politician and philosopher. James Madison was the 4th President of the United States. He is also considered to be one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Madison was the first president to have served in the Congress. He is also known as the Father of the Bill of Rights. || || (August 29, 1632 – October 28, 1704) John Locke was recognized as the Father of Liberalism. Locke was an English philosopher and very important thinker during the Enlightment Era. Some of his work is all reflected in the Declaration of Independence. || || (1720 – April 20, 1769) he was an Ottawa Leader who played an important role in the Pontiac’s Rebellion in 1763 to 1766. He was an American Indian struggling against the British military of the Great Lakes area and the british win in the French & Indian War. || || (May 29, 1736 – June 6, 1799) He served as the 1st and 6th post- colonial Governor of Virginia. He is very famous for his “ Give Me Liberty, or give me Death” speech. Patrick Henry is also one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He was an important figure during the American Revolution ||
 * ~ **__Key People__** ||~  ||
 * Samuel Adams
 * Samuel Adams
 * Jospeh Bryant
 * < Benjamin Franklin
 * King George III
 * =====Thomas Hutchinson=====
 * Thomas Jefferson
 * Thomas Paine
 * George Washington
 * John Adams
 * James Madison
 * John Locke
 * =====Pontiac=====
 * Patrick Henry

**** Daily Life ****
People of the Revolutionary Period had a very interesting lifestyle. For example, over 90% of families during this period lived outside towns and cities. Also, men and woman had very different responsibilities for the family. Men would mostly be responsible for outdoor chores like planting and building fences, while woman's duties were activities like gardening and sewing. About 40% of New Englanders in this time were farmers with their own land. Many had livestock like cattle, pigs, sheep horses, and turkeys. Turkeys were a main part of most diets as they had been domestically raised since the 1500s (Ben Franklin even proposed that they become the national symbol instead of eagles). Horses were very expensive, primarily because they were the most used transportation method. Transportation was mostly done during summer and winter because roads tended to be muddy during fall and spring. Furthermore, it was common for people to drink everyday. They favored drinks like hard cider and rum. Reading was an uncommon skill because most people, particularly women, did not have access to opportunities for education.

**** Effect of Enlightenment Era ****
The Enlightenment Era took place in Europe took place during the 17th and 18th century in Europe. This era gave birth to new ideas about the rights of citizens and people and their relation to government. John Locke, a prominent philosopher in the Enlightenment era held a few beliefs including: citizens had a social contract with their government which meant that if the citizens do not like the government, they can change it, and that people are born with certain natural rights which no one could take away from them. Also, Thomas Paine's book //Common Sense// challenged the practices of kings, emperors, and chieftains ruling over their citizens. This is the prime influence of Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence.

media type="youtube" key="yb7MI8NQLoo" width="425" height="350" Here is an excerpt from the History Channel's "The Story Of Us," regarding The Declaration of Independence, the defining event of The Revolutionary Period.

**The Revolutionary War : A Timeline** Lexington and Concord April 19, 1775 || What is often called "the shot heard round the world," the American Revolutionary War began in the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord. There, the well trained British soldiers met the quickly gathered state militiamen for the first skirmish in America's war for independence. || George Washington is named Commander in Chief June 15, 1775 || When it came time for the Continental Congress to elect a commander of the United States Army, there was really only one choice - George Washington. Washington was an excellent leader who truly embodied the Revolution with every step he took and inspired his men as well. || Battle of Bunker Hill June 17, 1775 || What is considered to be the first legitimate battle between the two forces, The Battle of Bunker Hill actually took place on Breed's Hill. The American troops accidentally dug themselves in on the wrong hill as they waited the approaching British. Waves of British troops charged the hill but were beaten back due to superior military positioning by the Americans. Eventually a wave broke through due to the Americans lack of ammunition, but not before almost half of the British troops were either killed or wounded. || Battle of Trenton December 26, 1776 || In one of the most daring moves in all of American military history, General George Washington led his army across the Delaware River on Christmas night. His surprise attack caught the entire Hessian soldiers stationed at Trenton off guard, and after a few fighting the Americans had captured the entire force with minor casualties. The victory at Trenton was a major boost in moral for the struggling Americans. || Battle of Saratoga October 17, 1777 || What is considered to be the turning point in the war, The Battle of Saratoga was a crucial battle for American diplomats seeking foreign aid to help in the Americans quest for independence. When news of British General John Burgoyne surrendering to American General Horatio Gates reached King Louis XVI in Paris, the French started negotiations with the Americans that would eventually lead to the alliance between the two countries. || Battle of Yorktown October 19, 1781 || Completely surrounded by American forces on land, led by General George Washington, and the French Navy at sea, General Lord Cornwallis was left with nothing else to do but surrender to the Americans. What ultimately came to be the last land battle of the war, the capture of Cornwallis at Yorktown all but destroyed whatever public support the British had at home. || Treaty of Paris September 3, 1783 || With Congress' ratification of the Treaty of Paris in 1783, the American Revolutionary War officially ended as the British and Americans agreed to terms. Important notes in the treaty included the recognition by the British of America as a sovereign nation, and the rights to fishing waters off of Newfoundland granted to the Americans. ||
 * [[image:http://deepcenterfield.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/lexington-concord.jpg width="144" height="108"]]
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 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Washington_Crossing_the_Delaware.png width="160" height="93"]]
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 * [[image:http://www.patriotresource.com/amerrev/battles/graphics/yorktown.jpg width="200" height="96"]]
 * [[image:http://www.americaslibrary.gov/assets/aa/adams/aa_adams_leader_2_e.jpg width="174" height="115"]]

Important Acts
RED = British Actions BLUE = Colonies' Actions

__ Sugar Act (1764)- __ increased tariff on non-British imported goods; first British attempt to raise money from the colonists for the Crown __ Currency Act (1764)- __ prohibited colonists from producing and/or using any currency of their own, forcing them to use the British currency; one of the first official major steps by the British to restrict the freedom or power of the colonists; angered many colonists __ Quartering Act (1765)- __ forced colonists to house British soldiers and provide them with supplies and food; expanded in 1774 to include all occupied dwellings __ Stamp Act (1765)- __ essentially a fundraiser for the British- they required the colonists to pay a tax on newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, broadsides, legal documents, dice, and playing cards; first direct tax on the colonies; name “stamp act” comes from the stamp that was put on these items to show that the tax had been paid __ Declaratory Act (1766)- __ Parliament can make laws binding the American colonies “in all cases whatsoever;” passed same day as the stamp act was repealed __ Townshend Acts (1767)- __ taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea; used to help provide funds for the governing of the colonies __ Massachusetts Circular Letter (1768)- __ initial letter by Samuel Adams that condemned “taxation without representation,” was approved by the Massachusetts House of Representatives, and led to many states issuing similar statements; British response- dissolve Massachusetts House of Representatives, and bring troops to Boston __ Virginia’s Resolutions (1769)- __ Virginia’s House of Burgesses’ response to the British response to the Massachusetts Circular Letter: several resolutions condemning their actions, and declaring that only Virginia’s governor and legislature could tax the citizens of Virginia; also drafted letter to the King; British response- dissolve Virginia legislature __ Tea Act (1773)- __ tea tax reduced for British imported tea giving British tea merchants an unfair advantage; Colonies’ respose- boycott and Boston Tea Party __ Coercive Acts (1774)- __ British response to Boston Tea Party; established heavy British control in Massachusetts: no loading/unloading in Boston Harbor, protection for officials including the transfer of all court cases against them to Britain  __ New England Restraining Act (1775)- __ British banned trade between the New England colonies and any country other than Great Britain
 * REPEALED: ** 1776- Parliament decided to repeal the act after the colonists boycotted British goods, arguing against “taxation without representation.” Once the act was repealed, the boycotts ended

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2. Boyer, Paul, Joseph Kett, Neal Salisbury, Harvard Sitkoff, and Nancy Woloch. //The Enduring Vision//. Houghton Mifflin College Div, 2003. Print. 3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yb7MI8NQLoo 4. http://www.pbs.org/ktca/liberty/perspectives_daily.html 5. [|http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/revwartimeline.htm6.][] ||
 * Bibliography ||
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